
Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo

Frogs of Borneo
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Feihyla kajau
The tadpoles inhabit quiet sections of small intermittent streams below 1000 m a.s.l. In most cases, we found them in virtually stagnant pools (often with some inflow and outflow) within small streams with rocky, gravelly, or sandy bottoms and some leaf litter. Such habitats are mostly located within forest under canopy cover; however, the species also reproduces in suitable small roadside streams in more open situations.
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Family:Rhacophoridae
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Genus:Feihyla
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Ecomorph:benthic, exotrophic
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Waterbody Type:flowing
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Water Column:bottom
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Feeding Type:feeding, generalist
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Size:27 mm
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Development:larva, tadpole
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Adult:Feihyla
Coloration
Brown dorsally. The trunk bears a darker brown dorsal transverse band (“saddle”). Generally, the dorsal body surface has a brown ground color with groups of lighter, bronze-colored pigment cells on the trunk and scattered lighter pigmentation on the forehead region. Along the flanks, dark pigmentation decreases toward the venter, and larger, silvery, shining iridocytes are present. Clusters of bronze pigmentation are located in the gill region, with smaller groups along the flanks and cheeks. Ventral skin transparent; gills, heart, and gut coils clearly visible. Some iridophores may be present below the gill region. At the base of the tail, spindle-shaped melanocytes give it an overall brown ground color. Groups of larger, round melanocytes form mottling, predominantly on the muscular part of the tail, but also extending onto the dorsal fin; lower fin clear. Blood vessels inconspicuous; myosepta moderately visible.
Snout
Rounded, blunt, and moderately tapering in dorsal and lateral views.
Oral Disc
Oriented anteroventrally. Marginal papillation with a wide gap on the upper lip; gap absent on the lower lip. Marginal papillae mostly arranged in a single row, but submarginal papillae are present in lateral areas of the upper and lower lips, thus forming double-row papillation laterally. Marginal papillae moderately long and blunt. Lateral oral disc indentations present. Labial ridges bear uniserial keratodont rows. LTRF 4(2–4)/3.
Body
Oval to ovoid, wider than deep. The spiracle is sinistral. the spiracular tube is fussed to the body and directed posterolaterally, opening ventral to the longitudinal center body axis in lateral view.
Eyes & Nostrils
Nostrils round and fairly large, widely spaced, and closer to the snout than to the eyes. Eyes relatively large, positioned and facing dorsolaterally. Iris golden in the upper and lower sectors around the pupil. Anterior and posterior sectors of the iris copper-red. The scleral part of the eye densely covered with silvery to golden (depending on light conditions) shiny pigments.
Tail
Long, up to 68% of total length. Muscular part of tail only moderately strong and much lower in height than the body. Dorsal tail fin rising at or slightly anterior to the trunk-tail junction. Fins arched and tapering posteriorly into an acuminate tip (many specimens have damaged tail ends that appear rounded). Dorsal and lower fins approximately equal in height. Maximum tail height in the middle third of tail length.
Similar Species
Because of its size and general brown appearance, this tadpole may be confused with some Limnonectes tadpoles inhabiting the same streams and stream pools. The brown dorsal “saddle” and the reddish anterior and posterior sectors of the iris (close-up) are usually sufficient characters to identify Feihyla kajau tadpoles in the field and to distinguish them from similar species. The tadpole of F. inexpectata differs markedly from F. kajau by its high-contrast black-and-white body markings and has so far been reported only from stagnant pools.
Literature
Males call from low to moderately high vegetation (1–3 m) overhanging water. Males commonly aggregate in calling groups. Species of Feihyla do not build foam nests as in Rhacophorus and Leptomantis. Clutches are laid in jelly masses below leaves.
Dring, J. (1983) Some new frogs from Sarawak. Amphibia-Reptilia 4: 103–115.
Das, I., Hedeir, H., Pui, Y.M., Hertwig, S.T., Haas, A. (2016) Larval external description and development in Feihyla kajau (Dring, 1983) (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 64: 319–328.
Das, I., Hedeir, H., Pui, Y.M., Hertwig, S.T., Haas, A. (2016) Larval external description and development in Feihyla kajau (Dring, 1983) (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 64: 319–328.